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New Persistent Opioid Use After Surgery.

Razvan Bologheanu1,2, Aylin Bilir1,2, Lorenz Kapral1,2

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New persistent opioid use after surgery occurred in 1.7% of Austrian patients. Spinal surgery and prior opioid use significantly increased this risk, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to combat the opioid crisis.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • New persistent opioid use following surgery is a significant contributor to the ongoing opioid crisis.
  • Limited data exists on the incidence of new persistent opioid use post-surgery in European populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of new persistent opioid use after surgery in Austria.
  • To identify patient and surgical factors associated with the risk of new persistent opioid use.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, population-based cohort study utilizing Austrian national social insurance data (2016-2021).
  • Included adult patients undergoing general, gynecological, urological, orthopedic, and cardiac surgery.
  • Analyzed new persistent opioid use up to 6 months post-surgery using logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • 1.7% of 559,096 patients developed new persistent opioid use post-surgery.
  • Incidence varied by procedure, with spinal surgery (6.8%) and arthroplasty showing higher rates.
  • Factors like previous opioid use (OR 3.06) and specific procedures (spinal surgery OR 5.36) were significant risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of new persistent opioid use after surgery in Austria is lower than in North America.
  • Identified risk factors for persistent opioid use are similar across regions.
  • Further research comparing pain management and healthcare system factors between North American and European settings is warranted.