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Jose Cerda-Hernandez1, Anna Sikov2, Lupe Ysabel Vidal-Valenzuela3
1Facultad de Ingeniería Económica, Estadística y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Lima, Perú. Econometric Modelling and Data Science Research Group. Lima, Perú.. jcerdah@uni.edu.pe.
Salud Publica De Mexico
|February 20, 2025
Summary
Childhood anemia affects 33.6% of Peruvian districts, with severe clusters in Puno, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto. Spatial analysis reveals poverty and high-altitude regions are linked to higher anemia rates.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Spatial statistics
- Public health
Context:
- Childhood anemia remains a significant public health concern in Peru.
- Previous prevalence estimates were limited in districts with sparse data.
- Geographic and socioeconomic disparities in anemia require detailed mapping.
Purpose:
- To estimate childhood anemia prevalence in data-scarce districts across Peru.
- To create a district-level anemia prevalence map for Peru.
- To identify spatial patterns and associated factors of childhood anemia.
Summary:
- A spatial Fay-Herriot model was employed using 2022 Demographic and Family Health Survey and 2017 Census data.
- Overall childhood anemia prevalence was estimated at 33.6% (95% CI: 32.8-34.4).
- Significant spatial correlation was found, particularly between poorer districts. High-altitude regions and non-Spanish speaking areas showed higher anemia rates, while better infrastructure and healthcare access showed negative associations.
Impact:
- The spatial Fay-Herriot model provides a comprehensive view of childhood anemia distribution in Peru.
- Identified severe anemia clusters in Puno, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto.
- Highlights the persistent public health challenge of anemia in Amazonian regions and rural areas of the southern and central highlands.