Evaluating Minimally Invasive Approaches to Meningioma Treatment (P4-5.026)

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Radiation Oncology
• Oncology

Background:

• Meningiomas pose significant therapeutic challenges impacting neurological function and quality of life.
• Surgical resection is a standard treatment, but stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is an emerging alternative.
• Comparing SRS and surgical resection is crucial for evidence-based meningioma management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) versus surgical resection for meningioma management.
• To investigate differences in mortality and secondary malignant neoplasms.
• To assess short-term outcomes following SRS and surgical resection.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX database.
• 1,898 patients per group (SRS vs. surgical resection), matched for comorbidities.
• Comparison of 5-year mortality, malignant brain neoplasms, and 3-month post-treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

• SRS group had significantly lower 5-year mortality (95% CI: 0.76-1.07) and reduced risk of malignant brain neoplasms (RR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.54-0.85) versus surgery.
• At 3 months, SRS showed significantly lower risks for cerebral infarction, hydrocephalus, cerebral edema, seizures, neurological deficits, and infection.
• Relative risks for SRS outcomes ranged from 0.13 to 0.27, with confidence intervals indicating significant reductions.

Conclusions:

• Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) may offer lower mortality and reduced risk of secondary malignant brain neoplasms compared to surgical resection for meningiomas.
• SRS is associated with improved short-term outcomes, including fewer neurological deficits and complications.
• Further research is needed to validate long-term outcomes and potential adverse effects of SRS in meningioma management.