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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

463
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
463
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

895
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
895
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

325
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
325
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

826
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
826
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

729
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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Related Experiment Video

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Immunometabolic Circuits in Infection for Advancing Host Directed Therapies
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Immunometabolic Circuits in Infection for Advancing Host Directed Therapies

Published on: September 13, 2024

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Exploring immunotherapy to control human infectious diseases.

Praveen Rai1, Sanjana Mehrotra2, Vijay Kumar Prajapati1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India.

Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology
|February 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Immunotherapy offers a promising alternative to traditional treatments for infectious diseases, especially those with antibiotic resistance. Innovations like mRNA vaccines and CAR-T cell therapy are advancing pathogen clearance and improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Bacterial infectionsCytokinesImmunotherapyMonoclonal antibodiesVaccines

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious disease research
  • Immunology
  • Therapeutics development

Background:

  • Infectious diseases present ongoing global health challenges, exacerbated by antibiotic resistance and emerging pathogens.
  • Conventional treatments face limitations against rapidly evolving infectious agents.
  • Immunotherapy presents a novel strategy by leveraging the host's immune system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the evolving landscape of immunotherapy for treating bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections.
  • To highlight recent breakthroughs and ongoing clinical trials in infectious disease immunotherapy.
  • To discuss the potential of immunotherapy to overcome treatment resistance and improve patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of immunotherapy modalities including monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, cytokine therapies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
  • Exploration of innovative approaches such as mRNA vaccines, immune modulators, adoptive cell transfer, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy.
  • Analysis of combination strategies involving immunotherapy and conventional antibiotics for drug-resistant infections.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapy has shown significant potential in combating treatment-resistant infections.
  • Advanced therapies like mRNA vaccines and CAR-T cells offer targeted pathogen clearance.
  • Combination therapies demonstrate efficacy against drug-resistant pathogens.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy represents a paradigm shift in treating infectious diseases, offering new hope against resistant and emerging pathogens.
  • Ongoing research and clinical trials are rapidly advancing the application of immunotherapy in infectious disease management.
  • The integration of immunotherapy holds promise for significantly improving global health outcomes in infectious disease control.