Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

6.0K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
6.0K
Gene Families01:57

Gene Families

8.7K
Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
8.7K
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs02:26

Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs

17.0K
Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
17.0K
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

9.9K
Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
9.9K
Duplication of Chromatin Structure02:05

Duplication of Chromatin Structure

5.4K
The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
5.4K
Centrosome Duplication02:25

Centrosome Duplication

3.9K
The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...
3.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Predicting the methylation status of CpG islands from read distribution biases.

BMC genomics·2025
Same author

Genomic landscape of multiple myeloma and its precursor conditions.

Nature genetics·2025
Same author

Modeling the mosaic structure of bacterial genomes to infer their evolutionary history.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2024
Same author

Enhanced cortical neural stem cell identity through short SMAD and WNT inhibition in human cerebral organoids facilitates emergence of outer radial glial cells.

Nature cell biology·2022
Same author

Modelling segmental duplications in the human genome.

BMC genomics·2021
Same author

Identical sequences found in distant genomes reveal frequent horizontal transfer across the bacterial domain.

eLife·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2025

Detection of Copy Number Alterations Using Single Cell Sequencing
09:45

Detection of Copy Number Alterations Using Single Cell Sequencing

Published on: February 17, 2017

11.6K

Reconstruction of Segmental Duplication Rates and Associated Genomic Features by Network Analysis.

Eldar T Abdullaev1, Dinesh A Haridoss1,2, Peter F Arndt1

  • 1Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.

Genome Biology and Evolution
|February 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Segmental duplications are key to evolution, influencing gene and brain development. This study models these genomic duplications to identify factors driving their spread and predict future events.

Keywords:
complex networkshigh-copy repeatssegmental duplications

More Related Videos

Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization Array CGH for Detection of Genomic Copy Number Variants
09:16

Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization Array CGH for Detection of Genomic Copy Number Variants

Published on: February 21, 2015

19.5K
G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome
06:40

G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome

Published on: March 22, 2018

5.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 27, 2025

Detection of Copy Number Alterations Using Single Cell Sequencing
09:45

Detection of Copy Number Alterations Using Single Cell Sequencing

Published on: February 17, 2017

11.6K
Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization Array CGH for Detection of Genomic Copy Number Variants
09:16

Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization Array CGH for Detection of Genomic Copy Number Variants

Published on: February 21, 2015

19.5K
G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome
06:40

G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome

Published on: March 22, 2018

5.7K

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Segmental duplications are significant genomic alterations with crucial evolutionary roles, particularly in human lineage gene development.
  • Despite their importance, the underlying principles and biological factors governing the spread of segmental duplications remain largely unknown.
  • Previous studies have focused on specific duplicated loci, leaving a gap in understanding universal duplication dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the universal principles and biological factors influencing the spread of segmental duplications.
  • To develop a predictive model for identifying genomic features associated with increased duplication rates.
  • To provide a framework for analyzing segmental duplication networks across different genomes.

Main Methods:

  • Representing segmental duplications as a network, where nodes are genomic sites and edges represent duplication events.
  • Estimating the number of duplications at each locus to identify associated genomic features.
  • Analyzing genomic features linked to duplication rates and identifying signatures of the duplication process.

Main Results:

  • Identified specific genomic features associated with increased segmental duplication rates.
  • Characterized three distinct signatures of the segmental duplication process.
  • Established associations between segmental duplications and various classes of high-copy repeats.
  • Developed a network-based method to predict genomic features that promote duplications.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a novel network-based approach to understand segmental duplication dynamics.
  • Identified key biological factors and genomic features that influence the rate and spread of segmental duplications.
  • The developed method is adaptable for analyzing segmental duplications in other genomes, facilitating comparative genomics and evolutionary studies.