Orbital Manifestations of Hodgkin Lymphoma in a Pediatric Patient: a Case Report

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is primarily characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells and predominantly affects the lymph nodes. However, it can also manifest in extranodal sites, including rare instances of orbital involvement.

This report aims to present atypical symptoms associated with HL and its orbital manifestations in a pediatric patient.

To discuss the clinical presentation, diagnostic journey, and management of a 4-year-old boy who exhibited orbital manifestations of HL. Initially, he was misdiagnosed as having an infectious process due to symptoms such as ptosis (drooping eyelids) and eyelid edema (swelling). Consequently, the patient received inappropriate treatments that delayed the correct diagnosis. This case highlights the challenges posed by atypical presentations in pediatric patients and underscores the importance of considering malignancy in the differential diagnosis. It also emphasizes the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach to achieve accurate and timely diagnosis and treatment.

Through this case, we aim to enhance the understanding of orbital manifestations of HL and emphasize the need for increased awareness among clinicians when encountering unusual orbital findings in children.