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Overweight-Related Hypertension in Middle-Aged Men Is Linked to Elevated Leptin, TNF-α, IL-6, Cholesterol, and

Shalan Alaamri1, Abdulhalim S Serafi2, Zahir Hussain2

  • 1Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Pathophysiology : the Official Journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology
|February 21, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Overweight and obesity contribute to hypertension. This study found serum leptin, TNF-α, IL-6, and total cholesterol are positively associated with overweight-related hypertension in middle-aged men, while testosterone showed a negative association.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

  • Hypertension is a significant health concern, often linked to weight gain and obesity.
  • Overweight and obesity are major contributors to the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
  • Understanding the factors contributing to overweight-related hypertension (OHT) is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pathophysiological role of serum leptin (Lep), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), total cholesterol (TC), and serum testosterone (ST) in middle-aged men with OHT.
  • To explore the correlations between these biomarkers and hypertension in overweight individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving three groups of middle-aged men (51-60 years): hypertension (HT), overweight-related hypertension (OHT), and normal controls (NC).
  • Serum levels of Lep, IL-6, TNF-α, ST, and TC were measured and compared across the groups.
  • Statistical analyses were performed to determine variations and linear associations between variables.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in TNF-α, Lep, ST, and TC were observed between patient groups.
  • Overweight-related hypertension (OHT) showed significant differences in ST compared to normal controls (NC).
  • Significant variations in IL-6 were found between OHT and NC, and between OHT and HT groups. Positive linear associations were found for TNF-α, Lep, TC, and IL-6, while ST showed a negative association with these markers.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides pathophysiological evidence for the interactive roles of serum Lep, TNF-α, IL-6, TC, and ST in middle-aged men with hypertension and OHT.
  • These findings highlight the complex interplay of metabolic and inflammatory markers in the development of OHT.
  • The results suggest potential biomarkers for risk stratification and future BMI-based studies in diverse populations with varying weight statuses and hypertension.
Abstract

Keywords:
IL-6TNF-αhypertensionmiddle-aged menoverweight-related hypertensionpathophysiologyserum leptintestosteronetotal cholesterol

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