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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Hormonal Regulation

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The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
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Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

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Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
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Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data01:23

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A thorough health history and physical assessment are essential for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms and distinguishing them from other health issues.
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Kidney Structure01:45

Kidney Structure

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The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2025

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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Urinary Biomarkers Of Kidney Function As Predictors Of Cardiovascular Health: A Systematic Review.

A Degenaar1, R Kruger1,2, A Jacobs1,2

  • 1Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), Private Bag X1290, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.

Current Hypertension Reports
|February 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Urinary kidney function biomarkers like alpha-1 microglobulin (uA1M) and uromodulin (uUMOD) show potential for early cardiovascular risk identification. These biomarkers may help predict adverse cardiovascular outcomes, guiding timely clinical interventions.

Keywords:
Alpha-1 microglobulin (uA1M)CKD273 classifierCardiovascular healthHypertensionKidney functionNeutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL)Systematic reviewTarget organ damageUrinary biomarkersUromodulin (uUMOD)

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) pose a significant health burden in adults and youth.
  • Urinary biomarkers of kidney function offer potential for early detection of CVD risk.
  • Identifying individuals at high risk for adverse cardiovascular outcomes is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review associations between urinary kidney function biomarkers and cardiovascular health measures.
  • To assess the utility of biomarkers such as uA1M, uNGAL, uUMOD, and CKD273 in predicting cardiovascular outcomes.
  • To evaluate the role of these biomarkers in identifying early signs of cardiovascular risk.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies published between January 2018 and December 2023.
  • Searched databases: PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost.
  • Included studies examining urinary biomarkers (uA1M, uNGAL, uUMOD, CKD273) and cardiovascular health (blood pressure, target organ damage).

Main Results:

  • 1186 articles identified; 22 studies included.
  • Alpha-1 microglobulin (uA1M) showed positive associations with office blood pressure and target organ damage markers.
  • Uromodulin (uUMOD) demonstrated negative associations with blood pressure.
  • Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) and CKD273 showed limited or non-significant associations with cardiovascular parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Urinary biomarkers of kidney tubule function, specifically uA1M and uUMOD, are relevant to cardiovascular health.
  • These biomarkers may aid in early identification of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
  • Further assessment for clinical utilization is recommended for timely cardiovascular risk management.