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Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia
Published on: January 22, 2019
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Digital Screen Time and Myopia: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis
Ahnul Ha1,2, Yun Jeong Lee3, Marvin Lee4
1Department of Ophthalmology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju-si, Korea.
JAMA Network Open
|February 21, 2025
Summary
Increased daily digital screen time significantly raises myopia risk, with a potential safety threshold under one hour per day. Each additional hour of screen exposure increases myopia odds by 21%.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Digital screen time is increasingly prevalent among children and adolescents.
- The association between digital screen use and myopia has been observed, but clear dose-response relationships and safe exposure limits are not well-established.
- Understanding these relationships is crucial for public health strategies aimed at mitigating myopia progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a dose-response meta-analysis evaluating the association between digital screen time and myopia risk.
- To identify potential safe exposure thresholds for digital screen use in relation to myopia development.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive systematic search of multiple databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov) was performed up to November 25, 2024.
- Primary research articles investigating digital screen exposure and myopia outcomes were included.
- Random-effects, dose-response meta-analysis (DRMA) was employed to analyze data from 45 studies involving 335,524 participants.
Main Results:
- A linear dose-response meta-analysis indicated that each additional hour of daily screen time was associated with a 21% increase in myopia odds (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.13-1.30).
- A nonlinear analysis revealed that myopia risk increased significantly between 1 to 4 hours of daily screen time, with odds rising from 1.05 (95% CI, 1.01-1.09) at 1 hour to 1.97 (95% CI, 1.56-2.40) at 4 hours.
- The dose-response curve demonstrated a sigmoidal shape, suggesting a potential safety threshold of less than 1 hour of daily exposure.
Conclusions:
- Daily digital screen time is significantly associated with increased odds of myopia.
- The findings suggest a potential safety threshold for daily screen exposure to be less than 1 hour.
- These results provide valuable guidance for clinicians, researchers, and public health initiatives concerning myopia prevention and management.
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