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Related Concept Videos

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
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Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
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Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I,...
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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2025

Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes TILLING Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis
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Recombination and structural variation in a large 8-founder wheat MAGIC population.

Rohan Shah1, B Emma Huang1, Alex Whan1

  • 1CSIRO, Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)
|February 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel 8-parent multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population in bread wheat. This resource enables detailed genomic and trait exploration, identifying structural variations and epistatic interactions for improved crop understanding.

Keywords:
MPPMultiparent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross (MAGIC)bread wheatmultiparental populationsrecombinationsegregation distortion

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Genetics
  • Genomics
  • Quantitative Genetics

Background:

  • Complex trait genetic architecture requires diverse populations with high recombination.
  • Multiparent Advanced Generation InterCross (MAGIC) populations offer balanced structure, allelic diversity, and enhanced recombination.
  • Developing MAGIC populations in polyploids like wheat is challenging due to genetic complexities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel 8-parent bread wheat MAGIC population.
  • To create a dense genetic map covering the complete wheat genome.
  • To establish a resource for exploring genomic and trait variation in hexaploid wheat.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a comprehensive crossing strategy and additional mixing rounds.
  • Employed novel genotype calling approaches for accurate data.
  • Developed over 3,000 genotyped recombinant inbred lines from 2,151 crosses.

Main Results:

  • Generated a dense genetic map across the entire bread wheat genome.
  • Observed increased recombination in inbred lines through further intercrossing.
  • Identified structural variations via segregation distortion and epistatic interactions between founders.

Conclusions:

  • The developed MAGIC population is an effective resource for genomic and trait exploration in hexaploid wheat.
  • The resource facilitates detection of small genetic effects and epistatic interactions.
  • Findings provide a basis for understanding allelic frequencies, especially for economically important loci.