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Effect on Response Rates of Adding a QR Code to Patient Consent Forms for Qualitative Research in Patients With

Rebecca Wyse1,2, Erin Forbes1,2, Grace Norton1

  • 1School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.

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PubMed
Summary

Adding QR codes to consent forms did not increase qualitative study response rates in this pilot. While not statistically significant, a trend suggested more patients consented when offered a QR code option.

Keywords:
QR codeRCTcancerconsent formspatient recruitmentqualitative researchrandomized controlled trialresponse rates

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Qualitative Research Methodology

Background:

  • Effective participant recruitment is crucial for health research success.
  • Inexpensive methods to increase response rates are needed.
  • QR codes are widely used, but their impact on qualitative study response rates via randomized trials is unexamined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess QR code impact on response, consent, and decline rates in cancer patients for qualitative research.
  • To evaluate the average response time with QR code versus standard consent forms.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) embedded within a qualitative study.
  • 40 eligible cancer patients were randomized 1:1 to receive a standard recruitment pack or one with a QR code on the consent form.

Main Results:

  • Overall response rate was 67.5% (27/40). The QR code group had a 60% response rate versus 75% in the standard group (OR 0.57, P=.44).
  • Consent rates were 35% for QR code group vs. 20% for standard group (OR 1.84, P=.43). Decline rates were 25% vs. 55% respectively.
  • Mean response time was 16 days for QR code group vs. 19 days for standard group (RR 0.79, P=.39). No results were statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • This underpowered pilot study found no evidence that QR codes on consent forms increase overall response rates in qualitative research.
  • A nonsignificant trend suggested higher consent rates with QR codes.
  • Preliminary data can inform future, fully powered RCTs on QR code utility in qualitative research recruitment.