Gorham stout disease in pregnancy

Area of Science:

• Rare bone diseases
• Vascular anomalies
• Skeletal disorders

Background:

• Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a rare, idiopathic disorder characterized by progressive bone resorption and vascular proliferation.
• Clinical manifestations of GSD are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic cases to life-threatening systemic complications.
• Etiology and risk factors for GSD remain poorly understood, with no established correlations to age, gender, race, or environmental/infectious agents.

Observation:

• A 32-year-old pregnant woman with a history of Gorham-Stout disease presented with recurrent gingival mass.
• The mass was diagnosed as pyogenic granuloma and treated with 20 cycles of radiotherapy without disease progression.
• The patient underwent an elective cesarean section at 37 weeks for a low-lying placenta and recovered well postpartum.

Findings:

• This case represents limited documentation of Gorham-Stout disease management during pregnancy.
• The successful management of GSD symptoms and pregnancy highlights potential therapeutic approaches.
• Radiotherapy demonstrated efficacy in managing the pyogenic granuloma associated with GSD.

Implications:

• Limited data on GSD in pregnancy necessitates further research for optimal diagnosis and management strategies.
• Comprehensive prenatal, antenatal, and postnatal care protocols are crucial for pregnant women with GSD.
• Understanding GSD's variable presentation is key to improving patient outcomes and guiding future clinical practice.