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Tessier Craniofacial Clefts.

Colton Fernstrum¹, Ashlie Elver¹, Ian Hoppe¹

¹Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.

Clinics in Plastic Surgery

|February 22, 2025

Summary

Craniofacial clefts, rare congenital conditions, are classified using Tessier

Area of Science:

Craniofacial surgery
Developmental biology
Medical classification systems

Background:

Craniofacial clefts are rare congenital anomalies affecting facial structures.
Understanding their embryologic origins is key to comprehending their development.
Paul Tessier established a numerical classification system in 1976 for precise anatomic categorization.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the Tessier classification system for craniofacial clefts.
To emphasize the importance of embryologic understanding in craniofacial cleft development.
To detail the treatment goals for various types of craniofacial clefts.

Main Methods:

Classification of craniofacial clefts into four main categories based on Tessier's system: oral-nasal (0-3), oral-ocular (4-6), lateral face (7-9), and cranial (10-14).

Keywords:

Cleft Congenital anomaly Craniofacial cleft

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Review of embryologic development of the face to understand cleft etiology.

Identification of key treatment objectives for craniofacial clefts.

Main Results:

Craniofacial clefts are categorized numerically (0-14) by Tessier, simplifying their anatomic description.
The classification system aids in understanding the developmental basis of these rare conditions.
Treatment focuses on functional restoration and aesthetic symmetry.

Conclusions:

The Tessier classification provides a standardized framework for craniofacial clefts.
Comprehension of facial embryology is crucial for addressing these anomalies.
Effective treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach to achieve functional and aesthetic outcomes.