Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 26, 2025

Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid
Published on: April 7, 2023
Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Nervous System Disorders: A Systematic Review and
Bo Xu1,2,3,4,5, Mingxia Yang1,2,3,4, Shaoqian Li1,2,3,4,6
1The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Background:
Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at an increased risk for certain brain or psychiatric disorders, as are those with or without chronic kidney disease or heart failure. Whether sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are associated with these diseases is unclear.
Objective:
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on nervous system disorders.
Methods:
We searched PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Web of Science for randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trials of at least ≥24 weeks. We used Mantel-Haenszel statistical method, risk ratio (RR), and 95% confidence interval (CI) to dichotomous variables.
Results:
We included 52 publications/trials covering 111 376 participants (SGLT2 inhibitors 62 192; Placebo 49 184). Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors had no significant effect on ischaemic stroke (RR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.87-1.09; P = 0.64), cerebrovascular accident (RR = 1.05; 95% CI = 0.91-1.22; P = 0.50), dementia (RR = 1.29; 95% CI = 0.78-2.12; P = 0.32), carotid artery occlusion/carotid artery stenosis (RR = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.92-1.53; P = 0.20), haemorrhagic stroke (RR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.62-1.12; P = 0.23), and transient ischaemic attack (RR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.82-1.15; P = 0.73) compared to placebo. No significant heterogeneity was observed. However, SGLT2 inhibitors showed slight effects to reduce the risk of Parkinson's disease (major heart failure subgroup). Empagliflozin and dapagliflozin significantly increased the risk of syncope (RR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.15-2.38; P < 0.01) and carotid artery occlusion/carotid artery stenosis (RR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.04-2.61; P = 0.03), respectively.
Conclusion And Relevance:
No significant effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on nervous system disorders was observed. There was reduced risk for Parkinson's Disease observed in some specific populations. In addition, the risks of empagliflozin and dapagliflozin concerning syncope and carotid artery occlusion/carotid artery stenosis are worth attention.
More Related Videos
10:08Study of the Functions and Activities of Neuronal K-Cl Co-Transporter KCC2 Using Western Blotting
Published on: December 9, 2022
07:29Real-time Analysis of Gut-brain Neural Communication: Cortex wide Calcium Dynamics in Response to Intestinal Glucose Stimulation
Published on: December 29, 2023
Related Concept Videos
Glucose Transporters
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
Secondary Active Transport
Disorders of the Nervous Tissue
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism