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Related Concept Videos

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces

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In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
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Overview of Cell-Cell Junctions01:14

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The complex three-dimensional arrangement of cells in any multicellular organism is defined and maintained by interactions of cells with each other and the extracellular matrix. Cell-cell junctions are specialized structures where the multi-protein complexes on one cell interact with the multi-protein complexes on another  cell. These cell junctions are classified  into three main types based on their function — occluding, anchoring, and gap junctions.
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Tight Junctions01:29

Tight Junctions

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Tight junctions are molecular seals between cells that prevent the leaking of fluids, ions, and other small solutes across cavities and compartments in multicellular organisms. They are mainly composed of claudin and occludin transmembrane proteins, and other proteins such as tricellulin and JAM (junctional adhesion molecule). All these proteins are 4-pass transmembrane proteins, except JAM, which is a single-pass transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The...
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Anchoring Junctions01:03

Anchoring Junctions

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Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
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Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

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The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
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Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
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Updated: May 26, 2025

A Cancer Cell Spheroid Assay to Assess Invasion in a 3D Setting
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Cell-cell junctional proteins in cancer.

Aparajita Das1, Sarbani Giri1, Pubali Dey1

  • 1Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India.

Advances in Clinical Chemistry
|February 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Cancer cells disrupt cell-cell junctions, enabling migration and metastasis. Understanding junctional protein changes is key to targeting cancer development and progression.

Keywords:
CadherinsCancerCateninsClaudinsConnexinsJunctional adhesion moleculesZona occludens

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Molecular Oncology

Background:

  • Carcinogenesis involves disrupted cell-cell junctions, promoting cancer cell migration and invasion.
  • Junctional proteins undergo significant changes in expression, localization, and activity during cancer progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression patterns of junctional proteins across various cancer types.
  • To elucidate the role and significance of junctional proteins in tumorigenesis and cancer development.
  • To understand the mechanisms by which junctional proteins regulate cancer progression.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on junctional protein expression in cancer.
  • Analysis of expressional patterns and localization of key junctional proteins.
  • Exploration of the functional impact of altered junctional proteins on cancer hallmarks.

Main Results:

  • Junctional protein dysregulation is a common feature in many cancers.
  • Altered junctional proteins can exhibit context-dependent roles, either suppressing or promoting tumor growth.
  • De-localized junctional proteins may acquire novel functions influencing cancer cell behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Junctional proteins are critical regulators of cancer cell plasticity and metastasis.
  • Targeting junctional protein alterations presents a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
  • Further research into junctional protein mechanisms is essential for advancing cancer therapy.