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Comparison of two fluorescence detectors in flow cytometry to predict malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia

Caroline Gennari Stevão1, Matheus Henrique Lopes Dominguete2, Paulo de Camargo Moraes1

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The 585-620 nm detector accurately predicts oral leukoplakia malignant transformation, showing no significant difference in DNA content analysis compared to the 661-683 nm detector.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral pathology
  • Biophotonics
  • Flow cytometry

Background:

  • Oral leukoplakia is a potentially malignant disorder.
  • Accurate prediction of malignant transformation is crucial for patient outcomes.
  • DNA content analysis offers a method for risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy of the 585-620 nm detector with the 661-683 nm detector for predicting malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia.
  • To evaluate the role of DNA content (ploidy) in assessing malignant potential.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective longitudinal study of 97 oral leukoplakia patients.
  • DNA content analysis (G1, S, G2, 4cER phases) using flow cytometry.
  • Comparison of predictive values between two spectral detectors (585-620 nm and 661-683 nm).

Main Results:

  • DNA content parameters (4cER, G2, G1/G2 ratios) were associated with malignant transformation (P < .05).
  • Algorithms based on DNA content achieved positive predictive values (PPVs) up to 40% and negative predictive values (NPVs) of 90% for high-risk and low-risk lesions, respectively.
  • No significant difference in nuclear phase percentages between the two detectors.

Conclusions:

  • The 585-620 nm detector provides equivalent accuracy to the 661-683 nm detector for predicting malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia.
  • DNA content analysis via flow cytometry is a valuable tool for risk stratification in oral leukoplakia.