Bioactive-Enriched Nanovesicles from American Cockroaches Enhance Wound Healing by Promoting Angiogenesis.

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology and Regenerative Medicine
• Insect-derived Therapeutics
• Wound Healing Research

Background:

• Skin trauma causes significant pain, swelling, and scarring, impairing daily life.
• American cockroach extracts show therapeutic potential for wound management.
• Traditional solvent-based extraction may degrade beneficial biological properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of nanovesicles from fresh American cockroaches (F-ACNVs) for skin wound treatment.
• To analyze the biological characteristics and active components of F-ACNVs.
• To evaluate the impact of F-ACNVs on cell proliferation, migration, and skin repair.

Main Methods:

• Isolation of fresh and dried American cockroach nanovesicles (F-ACNVs and D-ACNVs) using ultrahigh-speed centrifugation.
• Comprehensive omics analysis including metabolomics, proteomics, and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) profiling of F-ACNVs.
• In vitro studies on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human skin keratinocytes (HACATs), and in vivo skin mechanical trauma models.

Main Results:

• F-ACNVs demonstrated superior cell proliferation-promoting activity compared to D-ACNVs.
• F-ACNVs contain a rich profile of metabolites, proteins, and lncRNAs.
• F-ACNVs significantly enhanced HUVEC and HACAT proliferation and migration, and accelerated skin mechanical trauma repair, potentially via angiogenic pathways.

Conclusions:

• Fresh American cockroach nanovesicles represent a promising, novel therapeutic agent for skin trauma.
• Preserving the intrinsic biological properties of insect-derived materials is crucial for therapeutic efficacy.
• This research highlights the untapped medicinal potential of insects in regenerative medicine.