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Related Concept Videos

Acidity of Carboxylic Acids01:21

Acidity of Carboxylic Acids

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Carboxylic acids are the strongest organic acids. However, their acidic strength is much less than mineral acids like HCl. Carboxylic acids ionize in water and readily lose the hydroxyl proton to form a resonance-stabilized carboxylate ion.
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Acid Strength and Molecular Structure03:05

Acid Strength and Molecular Structure

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Binary Acids and Bases
In the absence of any leveling effect, the acid strength of binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals (A) increases as the H-A bond strength decreases down a group in the periodic table. For group 17, the order of increasing acidity is HF < HCl < HBr < HI. Likewise, for group 16, the order of increasing acid strength is H2O < H2S < H2Se < H2Te. Across a row in the periodic table, the acid strength of binary hydrogen compounds increases with...
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Substituent Effects on Acidity of Carboxylic Acids01:31

Substituent Effects on Acidity of Carboxylic Acids

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The acidity of carboxylic acids is influenced by the nature of the substituents bounded to the functional group. The acid strength is determined by the stability of the carboxylate anion—the conjugate base formed by dissociating the corresponding carboxylic acid.
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Leveling Effect01:29

Leveling Effect

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In acid-base chemistry, the leveling effect refers to the limitation imposed by the solvent on the strength of acids and bases in solution. When a base stronger than the solvent's conjugate base is used, it deprotonates the solvent until the base is entirely consumed, making it ineffective against weaker acids. Conversely, an acid stronger than the solvent's conjugate acid protonates the solvent until the acid is depleted, rendering it ineffective against weaker bases. Essentially, the...
743
Molecular Structure and Acidity02:34

Molecular Structure and Acidity

16.7K
An acid can be deprotonated to form a conjugate base or an anion. If the produced anion is more stable, then the acid is stronger. On the contrary, if the anion is unstable, then the acid is weaker. Hence, to determine the acidity of the compound, the stability of its conjugate base is studied using various factors.
The size effect explains the change in atomic size on acidity. When comparing the acids formed from elements that belong to the same column in the periodic table, their atomic sizes...
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Leveling Effect and Non-Aqueous Acid-Base Solutions02:11

Leveling Effect and Non-Aqueous Acid-Base Solutions

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This lesson defines the leveling effect in acidic and basic solutions and its role in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions. It is essential to understand the competing nature of various species in a chemical system.
The Leveling Effect of a Solvent
A generic acid (HA) reacts with the generic base (B-) to yield the corresponding conjugate base (A-) and conjugate acid (HB):
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Determination of the Gas-phase Acidities of Oligopeptides
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Determination of the Gas-phase Acidities of Oligopeptides

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Enhanced Acidic CO2-to-C2+ Reduction via Ionic Liquid Layer Modification.

Qiyou Wang1, Yuxiang Liu1, Yao Tan1

  • 1Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|February 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ionic liquid modification of copper catalysts significantly boosts acidic CO2 electroreduction to C2+ products. This strategy enhances CO adsorption and suppresses hydrogen evolution, achieving high efficiency and durability.

Keywords:
*CO intermediateCO2 electroreductionacidic electrolytehydrophobicityionic liquid

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Acidic CO2 electroreduction (CO2RR) is crucial for carbon mitigation but faces challenges in C2+ product selectivity.
  • Weak CO adsorption and competitive H* adsorption limit efficiency in acidic media.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an effective strategy for enhancing CO2RR in acidic media.
  • To overcome limitations of CO adsorption and H* competition on Cu catalysts.

Main Methods:

  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations to predict catalyst behavior.
  • Cation-anion modification of Cu surface using ionic liquid [PMIM][NTf2].
  • Electrochemical performance testing, resistance tests, and ATR-IR spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • [PMIM][NTf2] modification strengthens CO adsorption via quasi-hydrogen bonding.
  • The ionic liquid layer creates a hydrophobic environment, reducing H* coverage.
  • Achieved high C2+ partial current density (~640 mA cm-2) with 80.1% faradaic efficiency and ~20 h durability.

Conclusions:

  • Cation-anion modification is a viable strategy for enhancing acidic CO2RR.
  • [PMIM][NTf2] modified Cu catalysts show significant improvements in C2+ production.
  • This approach offers a promising pathway for efficient carbon utilization.