Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Measurement: Derived Units03:02

Measurement: Derived Units

41.9K
The International System of Units or SI system, by international agreement, has fixed measurement units for seven fundamental properties: length, mass, time, temperature, electric current, amount of substance, and luminosity. These are called the SI base units.
41.9K
Base Quantities and Derived Quantities01:14

Base Quantities and Derived Quantities

20.9K
In any system of units, the units for some physical quantities must be specified through a measurement process. These measurements are the base quantities of the system, and their units are the base units of the system. The algebraic combinations of the base values can then be used to express all other physical quantities. Each of these physical quantities is then referred to as a derived quantity, with each unit being referred to as a derived unit.
The International Organization for...
20.9K
Variance01:15

Variance

9.9K
The deviations show how spread out the data are about the mean. A positive deviation occurs when the data value exceeds the mean, whereas a negative deviation occurs when the data value is less than the mean. If the deviations are added, the sum is always zero. So one cannot simply add the deviations to get the data spread. By squaring the deviations, the numbers are made positive; thus, their sum will also be positive.The standard deviation measures the spread in the same units as the data.
9.9K
Upsampling01:22

Upsampling

745
Managing signal sampling rates is essential in digital signal processing to maintain signal integrity. A decimated signal, characterized by a reduced frequency range due to its lower sampling rate, can be upsampled by inserting zeros between each sample. This upsampling process expands the original spectrum and introduces repeated spectral replicas at intervals dictated by the new Nyquist frequency. To refine this zero-inserted sequence, it is passed through a lowpass filter with a cutoff...
745
Indefinite Integrals01:25

Indefinite Integrals

235
The water inflow rate into a storage tank is not constant but increases over time. Initially, the pump delivers water at a rate of 5 L/min. However, the inflow rate increases by 2 L/min for each additional minute due to rising pressure or system adjustments. This scenario can be described mathematically by a linear function:It is necessary to integrate the inflow rate function to measure the total volume of water added to the tank over time. The total water volume V(t) is obtained by performing...
235
Increasing Function01:18

Increasing Function

513
An increasing function exhibits a rise in output values as input values increase. This behavior is depicted graphically as a curve or line that slopes upward from left to right. Such a function satisfies the condition that if x1 < x2, then f(x1) < f(x2), indicating that the function values grow with increasing inputs. This concept is fundamental in understanding growth trends across various domains, such as population dynamics, financial investments, or resource consumption.The...
513

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Indirect Treatment Comparison of the Efficacy of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir Compared With Lenacapavir for HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis.

Advances in therapy·2026
Same author

Prediction of Relapse Using Digital Technology in People in Recovery From Substance Use Disorders: Early Economic Evaluation With a Case Study of the Subreal App.

JMIR formative research·2026
Same author

Development of the PICCOTEAM Reference Case for Economic Evaluation of Precision Medicine.

International journal of health policy and management·2026
Same author

Is home-based self-swabbing feasible for postoperative wound culture after cardiac surgery? A multicentre mixed-methods feasibility study in the UK.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Dismantling behavioural weight management interventions: component network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and real-world services.

Health technology assessment (Winchester, England)·2025
Same author

Behavioural weight management interventions for the treatment of obesity: network meta-analysis of trial and real-world individual participant data.

Health technology assessment (Winchester, England)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Harnessing the Bioorthogonal Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Cycloaddition for Pretargeted PET Imaging
10:47

Harnessing the Bioorthogonal Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Cycloaddition for Pretargeted PET Imaging

Published on: February 3, 2015

8.7K

Leveling up: Treating Uptake as Endogenous May Increase the Value of Screening Programs.

Jose A Robles-Zurita1,2, Neil Hawkins2, Janet Bouttell2,3

  • 1Department of Applied Economics (Statistics and Econometrics), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.

Medical Decision Making : an International Journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making
|February 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Considering individual health preferences in screening programs can significantly increase their value. Optimal screening test operation depends on population health utilities and their heterogeneity, not solely on maximizing uptake.

Keywords:
endogenous uptakeoptimal testscreeningscreening testsensitivityspecificity

More Related Videos

Screening for Endocrine Activity in Water Using Commercially-available In Vitro Transactivation Bioassays
08:00

Screening for Endocrine Activity in Water Using Commercially-available In Vitro Transactivation Bioassays

Published on: December 4, 2016

7.5K
Multiparametric Tumor Organoid Drug Screening Using Widefield Live-Cell Imaging for Bulk and Single-Organoid Analysis
12:41

Multiparametric Tumor Organoid Drug Screening Using Widefield Live-Cell Imaging for Bulk and Single-Organoid Analysis

Published on: December 23, 2022

4.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Harnessing the Bioorthogonal Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Cycloaddition for Pretargeted PET Imaging
10:47

Harnessing the Bioorthogonal Inverse Electron Demand Diels-Alder Cycloaddition for Pretargeted PET Imaging

Published on: February 3, 2015

8.7K
Screening for Endocrine Activity in Water Using Commercially-available In Vitro Transactivation Bioassays
08:00

Screening for Endocrine Activity in Water Using Commercially-available In Vitro Transactivation Bioassays

Published on: December 4, 2016

7.5K
Multiparametric Tumor Organoid Drug Screening Using Widefield Live-Cell Imaging for Bulk and Single-Organoid Analysis
12:41

Multiparametric Tumor Organoid Drug Screening Using Widefield Live-Cell Imaging for Bulk and Single-Organoid Analysis

Published on: December 23, 2022

4.7K

Area of Science:

  • Health economics
  • Medical screening
  • Decision analysis

Background:

  • Health economists often optimize screening programs assuming uniform population preferences.
  • Individual heterogeneity in health preferences can influence screening participation and outcomes.
  • Previous models may not fully capture the impact of diverse patient choices on screening program effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the importance of individual heterogeneity in health economics for optimizing screening programs.
  • To compare standard diagnostic economics with an endogenous uptake analysis considering heterogeneous preferences.
  • To quantify the potential increase in health utility by incorporating individual heterogeneity.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a theoretical framework comparing standard and endogenous uptake analyses.
  • Utilized a calibrated applied example with UK bowel cancer screening data.
  • Conducted scenario analyses to assess the impact of relaxed assumptions on results.

Main Results:

  • Endogenous uptake analysis suggests a weakly higher true- and false-positive rate compared to standard approaches.
  • The optimal screening strategy under endogenous uptake leads to lower participation rates.
  • The applied example showed a 21.1% increase in quality-adjusted life-years with the endogenous solution.

Conclusions:

  • Individual heterogeneity and uptake decisions are crucial for determining optimal screening test sensitivity and specificity.
  • Screening program value is enhanced by considering heterogeneous preferences within the target population.
  • Optimal screening test operation is influenced by population health utilities and their diversity, not just uptake maximization.