Investigating Gram-negative bacilli isolates' sensitivity to ceftazidime/avibactam.

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Microbiology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative organisms.
• Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) pose a significant global health threat.
• Need for novel antibiotics due to limitations of existing treatments like tigecycline and colistin.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of ceftazidime-avibactam against Gram-negative bacilli.
• To assess the efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam in a clinical setting in India.
• To compare ceftazidime-avibactam with other antibiotics against MDR and CRE isolates.

Main Methods:

• Inclusion of 81 Gram-negative bacteria from clinical samples.
• Utilized the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.
• Adherence to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.

Main Results:

• Ceftazidime-avibactam inhibited 89.9% of Enterobacteriaceae isolates, surpassing amikacin (80.3%) and meropenem (85.1%).
• Demonstrated effectiveness against CRE isolates (69.9%) and MDR urinary tract infections (94%).
• Outperformed ceftriaxone (40%) and nitrofurantoin (94%) in specific MDR UTI cases.

Conclusions:

• Ceftazidime-avibactam is a potent agent against MDR and CRE infections.
• Offers a superior treatment option for urinary tract infections compared to conventional antibiotics.
• Represents a valuable tool in combating antimicrobial resistance.