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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Abdomen II: Percussion01:18

Assessment of the Abdomen II: Percussion

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Percussion is a fundamental technique used to assess the liver, spleen, and abdominal organs by tapping the abdomen and interpreting the resulting sounds. This method helps identify fluid, distention, and masses through variations in sound, such as the high-pitched tympany of air-filled areas and the dullness of solid masses. Understanding how to percuss these organs provides valuable information for healthcare professionals in diagnosing conditions early.
Percussion
Percussion is an essential...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2025

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Validating the SONG-PKD Pain Instrument, a Core Outcome Measure for Pain in ADPKD.

Rosanna Cazzolli1,2, Angela Ju1,2, Patrizia Natale1,3,4

  • 1Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Kidney International Reports
|February 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology-Polycystic Kidney Disease (SONG-PKD) Pain measure effectively assesses pain in adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). This validated tool shows strong reliability and validity for clinical trials.

Keywords:
core outcomeoutcome measurepainpolycystic kidney diseasepsychometric evaluation

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Clinical Outcomes Assessment
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Pain is a significant but inconsistently reported outcome in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) clinical trials.
  • Standardized and reliable pain assessment tools are crucial for evaluating treatment efficacy in ADPKD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology-Polycystic Kidney Disease (SONG-PKD) Pain measure for use in adults with ADPKD.
  • To assess the psychometric properties, including reliability and validity, of the SONG-PKD Pain measure.

Main Methods:

  • 316 adults with ADPKD from 21 countries completed the SONG-PKD Pain measure and other pain assessments online.
  • Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, test-retest reliability with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and convergent validity with Spearman's rho.
  • Known groups comparisons were made between patients with and without a history of kidney complications.

Main Results:

  • The SONG-PKD Pain measure demonstrated high internal consistency (0.94) and test-retest reliability (0.92).
  • Strong convergence was observed between the SONG-PKD Pain measure and established pain scales (BPI-SF and VAS; rho=0.84).
  • Patients with a history of kidney complications reported significantly higher median pain scores (4.0 vs. 0.0, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • The SONG-PKD Pain instrument is a brief, simple, and psychometrically sound measure for assessing pain in ADPKD.
  • This validated tool can improve the consistency and reporting of pain outcomes in ADPKD clinical trials.