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SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibodies in Pediatric Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Benefits of Additional Vaccine Doses

Amanda L Adler1, Alpana Waghmare1,2, Jodi Smith1,2

  • 1Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Pediatric Transplantation
|February 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric solid-organ transplant recipients show robust antibody responses after COVID-19 vaccination, with more doses leading to higher antibody levels. This study provides key longitudinal immune data for this high-risk group.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transplantation
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Limited data exist on immune responses to COVID-19 infection and vaccination in pediatric solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients.
  • Pediatric SOT recipients represent a vulnerable population requiring specific immune monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the development and durability of immune responses following COVID-19 infection and vaccination in pediatric SOT recipients.
  • To assess antibody levels and neutralizing activity over time in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 83 SOT recipients (<21 years) from August 2020 to May 2021.
  • Collected blood samples for antinucleocapsid (N) and anti-spike (S) IgG antibody testing.
  • Utilized vaccination data, Abbott Architect, Meso Scale Discovery (MSD), and pseudovirus-neutralization assays.

Main Results:

  • 19.3% of participants showed evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Antibody levels increased with the number of vaccine doses received.
  • Neutralizing activity was reduced against Omicron subvariants compared to the ancestral strain.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric SOT recipients exhibit strong antibody responses post-COVID-19 vaccination.
  • Higher antibody levels were observed after more than two vaccine doses.
  • The study provides valuable longitudinal immune response data for this immunocompromised group.
Abstract

Keywords:
antibodiesimmunizationpediatric transplantation

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