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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2025

Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment
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Immunotherapy in OSCC: Current trend and challenges.

Shalini Gupta1, Akanchha Singh1, Sakshi Deorah1

  • 1Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India.

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
|February 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Immunotherapy shows promise as a fourth pillar in oral cancer treatment, complementing chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. Further research is needed to overcome challenges and improve patient outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Keywords:
ImmunotherapyOral cancerTumor immunity

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Head and Neck Cancer

Background:

  • Oral cancer is a prevalent head and neck malignancy.
  • Current treatments include chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery.
  • Immunotherapy emerges as a potential fourth pillar of cancer care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline immunotherapy principles for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC).
  • To review various immunotherapeutic agents used in OSCC treatment.
  • To highlight immunotherapy's role as monotherapy or adjuvant treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search across PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar.
  • Inclusion of English and non-English articles, with a focus on high-incidence countries.
  • Data compilation and review by two blinded pathologists.

Main Results:

  • The manuscript compiles data offering insights into current immunotherapy trends for OSCC.
  • Immunotherapy can be beneficial as monotherapy or adjuvant treatment.
  • Patient selection is crucial due to reliance on the patient's immunological environment.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced research is required to address immunotherapy challenges in OSCC.
  • Immunotherapy holds significant promise for improving oral cancer patient treatment.
  • Careful patient selection is essential for effective immunotherapy outcomes.