Effects of Chlorella protothecoides-derived polydeoxyribonucleotides on skin regeneration and wound healing

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Dermatology
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• The skin's barrier function is vital, and wound healing involves complex cellular processes.
• Polydeoxyribonucleotides (PDRNs) are recognized for their role in skin regeneration and wound repair.
• Sustainable sourcing of biomaterials is crucial for advanced therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate Polydeoxyribonucleotides (PDRNs) from Chlorella protothecoides for skin regeneration and wound healing.
• To investigate the effects of microalgal PDRNs on keratinocytes and fibroblasts.
• To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, including gene expression and signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

• Assessed keratinocyte and fibroblast proliferation and migration.
• Measured collagen synthesis and angiogenesis.
• Analyzed gene expression (RT-qPCR) and protein levels (Western blot) of key factors like GAS6, HGF, COLIA1, and VEGF.
• Investigated signaling pathway activation (ERK, AKT, β-catenin, STAT3) and receptor dependence (A2AR).

Main Results:

• Microalgal PDRNs significantly enhanced skin cell proliferation and migration.
• PDRNs upregulated growth arrest specific 6 (GAS6) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) expression.
• Increased collagen type I alpha 1 (COLIA1) expression and enhanced angiogenesis via vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotion.
• Activated ERK, AKT, β-catenin, and STAT3 pathways through an adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR)-dependent mechanism.

Conclusions:

• Chlorella protothecoides-derived PDRNs effectively promote skin cell proliferation, migration, collagen synthesis, and angiogenesis.
• These PDRNs activate key signaling pathways involved in skin repair and regeneration.
• Microalgal PDRNs show considerable potential for clinical and cosmetic applications in skin health and wound healing.