Risk assessment of existing buildings in tunnel construction based on an improved cumulative prospect theory method

As urbanization in China continues to rise, an increasing number of cities are constructing subway tunnels. However, due to the complexity and ambiguity of subway tunnel construction, there is a lack of precise methods to assess the impact of these constructions on surrounding buildings. Consequently, this study analyzes and summarizes past experiences and proposes the IVTSFS-CPT-EDAS model based on the CPT-EDAS evaluation method. This model establishes a risk assessment approach specifically for the impact of subway tunnel construction on existing buildings. The model's process was validated through a real-world case study, including a sensitivity analysis to verify its effectiveness and feasibility. The findings of this study indicate: (1) The IVTSFS-CPT-EDAS model can more comprehensively and delicately replicate the actual decision-making environment, enhancing the accuracy of the model. (2) The analysis of expert evaluations indicates that improper material and equipment configuration, inadequate excavation pressure control, and non-compliance of the stratum solubility coefficient with requirements are the primary risk factors affecting the building. (3) The advantages of the proposed model over other approaches and the accuracy enhancement of the assessment results due to the improvements in the evaluation method were demonstrated through sensitivity analysis and comparative evaluation. This research is expected to provide valuable insights for the scientific management of the impacts of subway tunnel construction on nearby structures.