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Optimizing Sn Doping in Zn4Sb3 Thin Films: Insights into Processing and Electrical Performance.

Cheng-Lung Chen1, Bo-Chen Tang2, Sheng-Chi Chen2,3

  • 1Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, 40227, Taiwan.

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Tin doping stabilizes the promising thermoelectric material beta-Zn4Sb3, enhancing its performance. This method preserves the desired phase, leading to significant improvements in thermoelectric power factor for energy harvesting applications.

Keywords:
DopingEnergy efficiencyIon beam-assisted depositionRenewable energyThermoelectricZn4Sb3

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Energy Harvesting

Background:

  • Beta-Zn4Sb3 is an environmentally friendly thermoelectric material suitable for mid-temperature applications.
  • Phase instability during fabrication is a major challenge, degrading thermoelectric performance.
  • Developing stable thermoelectric materials is crucial for renewable energy technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize beta-Zn4Sb3 thin films for enhanced thermoelectric performance.
  • To investigate the effect of controlled tin (Sn) doping on phase stability and thermoelectric properties.
  • To establish a pathway for fabricating high-quality thermoelectric thin films.

Main Methods:

  • Ion beam-assisted deposition was used to create Sn-doped beta-Zn4Sb3 thin films.
  • Precise control of Sn concentration (0.97%) was employed to stabilize the beta-phase.
  • Thermoelectric properties, carrier mobility, and structural stability were comprehensively analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Controlled Sn doping at 0.97% successfully preserved the pure beta-Zn4Sb3 phase.
  • A maximum power factor of 1.4 mW m⁻¹ K⁻² was achieved at 573 K, a 60% improvement over undoped films.
  • Dilute Sn doping enhanced carrier mobility and structural stability, preventing phase transitions to ZnSb.

Conclusions:

  • Precise doping and processing control are essential for stabilizing the beta-phase of Zn4Sb3.
  • Sn doping offers a viable strategy for fabricating high-performance thermoelectric thin films.
  • This research contributes to the development of scalable and efficient energy harvesting technologies.