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Updated: May 26, 2025

Author Spotlight: Modeling an Aspect of Preeclampsia in Female Mice Using Hypoxic Human Placenta-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles

Author Spotlight: Modeling an Aspect of Preeclampsia in Female Mice Using Hypoxic Human Placenta-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles

Published on: January 26, 2024

Prenatal SARS-CoV-2 Infection Alters Human Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.

Somchai Chutipongtanate¹, Supasek Kongsomros^1,2, Hatice Cetinkaya¹

¹Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.

|February 25, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy enhances human milk-derived extracellular vesicles (HMEVs) functions. These HMEVs may offer infants improved protection against viral infections, particularly at mucosal sites.

Keywords:

COVID-19 exosomes human milk microRNAs proteomics

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Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions

Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions

Published on: August 26, 2021

Area of Science:

Perinatology
Immunology
Extracellular Vesicle Biology

Background:

Human milk-derived extracellular vesicles (HMEVs) are crucial for infant development and health.
Maternal health conditions can alter HMEV composition and function.
The impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on HMEVs is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection on postpartum HMEV cargo.
To analyze molecular changes in HMEVs from mothers with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.
To predict the functional implications of these changes for infant health.

Main Methods:

HMEVs were isolated from breast milk of SARS-CoV-2-positive and control mothers using sequential centrifugation, ultrafiltration, and size exclusion chromatography.
HMEV presence and characteristics were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis.
Multi-omics (proteomics, microRNA sequencing) were employed to analyze HMEV cargo.

Main Results:

HMEVs from mothers with prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection showed altered cargo profiles.
These HMEVs exhibited predicted enhanced functionalities in metabolic reprogramming, mucosal tissue development, and immunomodulation.
Particle analysis confirmed HMEV characteristics (<200 nm diameter, high yield).

Conclusions:

Prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection modifies HMEVs, potentially boosting their protective functions for infants.
These HMEVs may enhance infant immunity, especially at mucosal sites.
Further research is needed to confirm the long-term benefits of breastfeeding post-COVID-19.