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Related Concept Videos

Laminar and Turbulent Flow01:07

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the streamlines...
Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream01:27

Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream

Consider a control volume, such as a pipe with solid boundaries, through which fluid flows and changes direction due to the impulse exerted by the resulting force from the pipe walls. In steady flow, the mass of fluid entering the control volume at a given time, t, with velocity v1, is equal to the mass leaving after infinitesimal time dt, with velocity v2.
During this process, the momentum of the fluid within the control volume remains constant over the time interval dt. By applying the...
Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
Laminar Flow: Problem Solving01:24

Laminar Flow: Problem Solving

Laminar flow occurs when a fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers with minimal mixing and turbulence. In fluid mechanics, ensuring laminar flow within a pipe is essential for precise control of flow characteristics, especially in engineering applications. The key factor in determining whether flow remains laminar is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity that depends on the fluid's velocity, density, viscosity, and the pipe's diameter. A Reynolds number of 2100 or lower indicates...
Turbulent Flow01:24

Turbulent Flow

Turbulent flow is characterized by unpredictable fluctuations in velocity and pressure, which result in a chaotic fluid movement distinct from the orderly patterns of laminar flow. While laminar flow is governed by smooth, parallel layers with minimal mixing, turbulent flow exhibits highly irregular, three-dimensional patterns. This behavior arises due to instabilities in the fluid's velocity profile, and amplifies as the flow velocity increases. Minor disturbances, known as turbulent spots,...
Applications of Integration to Find Blood Flow01:27

Applications of Integration to Find Blood Flow

Blood flow through a cylindrical blood vessel can be mathematically described using the principles of laminar flow, a regime in which fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers. In this model, the velocity of the blood is not uniform across the cross-section of the vessel; rather, it varies with the radial distance from the center. The maximum velocity occurs along the central axis, decreasing progressively toward the vessel walls, where it reaches zero due to viscous drag.Approximating Blood...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Separating Beads and Cells in Multi-channel Microfluidic Devices Using Dielectrophoresis and Laminar Flow
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Intelligent Microfluidics for Plasma Separation: Integrating Computational Fluid Dynamics and Machine Learning for

Kavita Manekar1, Manish L Bhaiyya1, Meghana A Hasamnis1

  • 1Department of Electronics Engineering, Shri. Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management, Nagpur 440013, MH, India.

Biosensors
|February 25, 2025
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Summary

This study introduces an intelligent microfluidic platform using machine learning to efficiently separate blood plasma. This innovation offers rapid, portable diagnostics for point-of-care settings, overcoming limitations of traditional methods.

Keywords:
blood plasma separationcomputational fluid dynamics (CFD)healthcare applicationintelligent microfluidicsmachine learningpacked cell volume (PCV)

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Microfluidics
  • Machine Learning

Background:

  • Efficient blood plasma separation is crucial for point-of-care diagnostics, especially in resource-limited settings.
  • Conventional centrifugation methods are slow, resource-intensive, and not suitable for portable applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an "Intelligent Microfluidics" platform integrating machine learning (ML) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for optimized plasma separation.
  • To demonstrate the platform's potential for rapid, scalable, and portable diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized COMSOL Multiphysics to model a trifurcation microchannel for plasma separation.
  • Employed eight supervised ML algorithms, including Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), for performance prediction.
  • Simulated fluid dynamics mimicking blood viscosity and density with optimized boundary conditions.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high plasma yields of 90-95% across a range of inflow velocities.
  • ANN demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy with R² = 0.97.
  • The ML-enhanced microfluidic system showed superior performance and computational efficiency compared to traditional methods.

Conclusions:

  • The intelligent microfluidic platform enables efficient, rapid plasma separation for real-time diagnostics.
  • The scalable and portable design is ideal for healthcare in remote or resource-constrained areas.
  • This approach lays the foundation for next-generation portable diagnostic technologies.