Sports Facility Use and Perceptions of Exercise Effectiveness: A Nationwide Survey of People with Disabilities in South Korea

Objectives: This study examined how the benefits of exercise vary across different dimensions, such as physical health, psychological well-being, and social interaction, for individuals with disabilities, focusing on their use of sports facilities. Methods: Based on the 2019 National Survey on Sports Participation among People with Disabilities in South Korea, 3726 participants were analyzed using stratified chi-square tests, one-way analysis of variance, analysis of covariance, and logistic regression methods, adjusting for covariates as appropriate. Results: This study's results indicate that sports facility users showed higher positive perceptions of exercise benefits compared to non-users. Notable differences in the perceived effectiveness of exercise benefits were observed in physical health and fitness (odds ratio (OR), 1.31; 95% CI, 1.07-1.62), stress relief and psychological stability (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.11-1.71), daily vitality and motivation (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.31-2.00), and a general sense of happiness from exercise participation (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.12-1.57), whereas the perception of medical cost savings did not vary (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.93-1.27). Conclusions: These findings underscore the importance of accessible sports facilities and the promotion of their active use to improve the quality of life for individuals with disabilities. Political and practical initiatives are essential for improving both physical and mental well-being among individuals with disabilities.