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Updated: May 26, 2025

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The Antimicrobial Resistance of Candida: A 5-Year Retrospective Analysis at a Tertiary Hospital in Jordan

Anas H Abu-Humaidan1, Areen Alshdaifat1, Dima Awajan2

  • 1Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.

Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 25, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Antimicrobial resistance in Candida infections is rising globally. This study found non-albicans Candida species in blood samples showed higher resistance, particularly in inpatients, highlighting the need for sample-specific analysis.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Candida infections pose a significant global health challenge.
  • Rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) complicates treatment strategies.
  • Understanding local prevalence and resistance patterns is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the prevalence and AMR patterns of Candida species in Amman, Jordan.
  • To investigate variations in Candida species distribution and resistance based on sample type and patient status (inpatient vs. outpatient).
  • To inform targeted treatment and surveillance strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of electronic microbiology laboratory records from a tertiary teaching hospital (2017-2022).
  • Inclusion of 2673 complete Candida isolate records.
  • Assessment of species identification, sample type, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) data.

Main Results:

  • Candida albicans was the most common species in vaginal swabs (63.7%), while non-albicans species predominated in blood isolates.
  • Non-albicans species (Pichia kudriavzevii, Nakaseomyces glabratus, Candida parapsilosis) showed higher resistance to Caspofungin compared to C. albicans.
  • Micafungin resistance was significantly higher in inpatient isolates across all pooled samples.

Conclusions:

  • Non-albicans Candida species are significant pathogens in bloodstream infections, exhibiting notable AMR.
  • Antifungal resistance patterns vary by Candida species and sample source, underscoring the importance of source-specific data.
  • Higher Micafungin resistance in inpatients warrants further investigation and may influence empirical treatment choices.
Keywords:
CandidaNakaseomyces glabratusPichia kudriavzeviialbicansantifungal resistancehospital-acquired infections candidiasisregistrysurveillancetropicalis

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