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Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:28

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

860
Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow...
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Decreased pulse rate01:14

Decreased pulse rate

529
Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
529
Cardiac Action Potential01:30

Cardiac Action Potential

793
Cardiac action potentials are essential for proper heart function, enabling the rhythmic contractions needed for adequate blood circulation. Nodal cells and Purkinje fibers, specialized for electrical conduction, generate these action potentials.
The cardiac action potential process involves a series of phases characterized by the movement of ions across the cardiac cell membranes, leading to the depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac myocytes.
Ionic Basis of Cardiac Action Potentials
793
Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

872
Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
872
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias01:16

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias

164
Arrhythmias are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that lead to abnormal heartbeats. These irregularities can originate from different parts of the heart and are classified based on their origin and nature.
Types of Arrhythmias
Sinus Node Arrhythmias
Sinus Bradycardia: Originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node, sinus bradycardia involves slower impulses, resulting in a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute (bpm). Causes include sleep, vagal stimulation, beta-blockers, hypothyroidism,...
164
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

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The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2025

Microelectrode Array Recording of Sinoatrial Node Firing Rate to Identify Intrinsic Cardiac Pacemaking Defects in Mice
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Paroxysmal, Persistent, and Permanent Type-1 Brugada Pattern: Does Burden Matter?

Thanaboon Yinadsawaphan1,2, Pattara Rattanawong1,3, Narathorn Kulthamrongsri1,2

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA.

Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
|February 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The burden of spontaneous type-1 Brugada patterns, identified on electrocardiograms (ECGs), may correlate with major arrhythmic event risk. Higher pattern persistence suggests a potentially elevated risk for these cardiac events.

Keywords:
Brugadaarrhythmiaburdenmajor arrhythmic eventspontaneous type-1 Brugada

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Spontaneous type-1 Brugada patterns indicate elevated risk for major arrhythmic events.
  • The association between the degree of Brugada pattern burden and the risk of a first major arrhythmic event is not well-defined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the burden of spontaneous type-1 Brugada patterns and the risk of experiencing a first major arrhythmic event.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 64 adult patients with spontaneous type-1 Brugada patterns.
  • Patients underwent serial 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) for pattern quantification.
  • Pattern burden categorized as paroxysmal (<50%), persistent (50-99%), or permanent (100%).
  • Median follow-up of 92 months, excluding patients with prior events.

Main Results:

  • Seven patients (11%) experienced their first major arrhythmic event.
  • Events occurred in one paroxysmal, four persistent, and two permanent pattern groups.
  • Hazard ratios indicated a trend towards increased risk with higher pattern burden, though not statistically significant.
  • No sudden cardiac deaths were observed.

Conclusions:

  • A higher burden of spontaneous type-1 Brugada patterns may be associated with an increased risk of major arrhythmic events.
  • Further research is warranted to clarify the prognostic significance of varying Brugada pattern burdens.