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Related Concept Videos

Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

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Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
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Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

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Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
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Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration

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A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
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Role of Myosin in Cell Migration01:18

Role of Myosin in Cell Migration

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Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
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Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation01:31

Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation

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Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
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Mechanism of Filopodia Formation01:39

Mechanism of Filopodia Formation

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Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2025

High-resolution Time-lapse Imaging and Automated Analysis of Microtubule Dynamics in Living Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
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High-resolution Time-lapse Imaging and Automated Analysis of Microtubule Dynamics in Living Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

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How does the tubulin code facilitate directed cell migration?

Miguel Marques Simoes-da-Silva1, Marin Barisic1,2

  • 1Cell Division and Cytoskeleton, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Biochemical Society Transactions
|February 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microtubules, essential for cell structure and transport, play roles in cell division and migration. Their functions are modulated by tubulin post-translational modifications (PTMs), like detyrosination and acetylation, impacting cellular processes and disease.

Keywords:
Cell migrationMicrotubulesTubulin PTMsTubulin acetylationTubulin codeTubulin detyrosination

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Purification of Tubulin with Controlled Posttranslational Modifications and Isotypes from Limited Sources by Polymerization-Depolymerization Cycles
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Purification of Tubulin with Controlled Posttranslational Modifications and Isotypes from Limited Sources by Polymerization-Depolymerization Cycles

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Microtubules form the cytoskeleton, crucial for structural integrity and intracellular transport.
  • They are key components of the mitotic spindle, ensuring accurate chromosome distribution during cell division.
  • Microtubules are involved in various cellular processes, including cell migration and polarization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the roles of tubulin post-translational modifications (PTMs) in cell migration.
  • To investigate the specific implications of detyrosination and acetylation in cell migration.
  • To understand the connection between tubulin PTMs and human diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on microtubule dynamics and function.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on tubulin isotypes and their post-translational modifications.
  • Examination of research linking PTMs to cell migration and disease pathology.

Main Results:

  • Tubulin PTMs, such as detyrosination and acetylation, create distinct microtubule populations.
  • These modified microtubules influence microtubule dynamics and interactions with motor proteins.
  • Specific PTMs are associated with altered cell migration and polarization.

Conclusions:

  • Tubulin PTMs are critical regulators of microtubule function in cellular processes like migration.
  • Detyrosination and acetylation represent key modifications influencing cell motility.
  • Dysregulation of these PTMs may contribute to the pathogenesis of various human diseases.