Current Status of Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Infection: Future Concerns and Considerations

Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus (AHFV), a novel flavivirus, was first identified in the Alkhurma district, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia in 1995. It belongs to the Orthoflavivirus genus of the Flaviviridae family, and can be transmitted through contact with infected livestock animals or via tick bites. The initial symptoms resemble influenza along with hemorrhagic manifestations, which are less common but not unheard of in cases similar to encephalitis. Unfortunately, there are no specific treatments or vaccines available for AHFV infection. This review provides insights into the epidemiology, prevalence, transmission, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, control strategies, and preventive measures for AHFV disease in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.