Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2025

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

16.2K

Hypertension in chronic kidney disease and future heart failure

Michel Burnier1

  • 1Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Current Opinion in Cardiology
|February 25, 2025
PubMed

Insights

New therapies like SGLT-2 inhibitors and nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (nsMRA) significantly reduce heart failure risk in patients with hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD). These treatments also slow CKD progression, impacting current management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Hypertension and chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) are significant risk factors for heart failure.
  • Recent advancements offer new therapeutic avenues for managing these interconnected conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest findings on SGLT-2 inhibitors, nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (nsMRA), and GLP-1 receptor agonists.
  • To evaluate their efficacy in preventing heart failure in patients with hypertension and CKD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent large clinical trials.
  • Analysis of data from patients with diabetic and nondiabetic nephropathies, hypertension, and heart failure.

Main Results:

  • SGLT-2 inhibitors and nsMRA significantly reduce heart failure events and hospitalizations.
  • These therapies also slow the progression of CKD.
  • Benefits observed in patients with and without nephropathy.

Conclusions:

  • SGLT-2 inhibitors are now a recommended first-line therapy for patients with diabetes, CKD, and heart failure.
  • nsMRA use is growing and may replace spironolactone in heart failure and early CKD.
  • These findings are reshaping the management of hypertension and CKD.
Abstract

Keywords:
SGLT-2 inhibitorsdiabetesestimated glomerular filtration rateglucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsnonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist

More Related Videos

A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy07:52

A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy

Published on: November 7, 2017

20.3K
5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats05:34

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats

Published on: April 4, 2025

435

Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
332
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
370
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
32.8K
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
1.9K
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.5K
Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics01:28

Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Liddle syndrome is a genetically inherited form of hypertension characterized by the overactivity of epithelial sodium channels in the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney. This heightened activity leads to increased sodium reabsorption and excessive excretion of potassium. To counteract this, potassium-sparing diuretics such as amiloride are used. They function by blocking these sodium channels, thereby reducing the influx of sodium into the epithelial cells and minimizing the loss of...
436