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Published on: July 18, 2017
Kidney involvement during the course of febrile urinary tract infection
Gaia Pietropaolo1, Anna Di Sessa1, Paola Tirelli1
1Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
Insights
Febrile urinary tract infections (fUTIs) in children can harm kidneys. This review details kidney involvement, presentations, and long-term effects to guide diagnosis and treatment, preventing complications.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Renal Pathology
Background:
- Febrile urinary tract infections (fUTIs) are common in children and can lead to severe kidney damage.
- Bacterial invasion of kidney tissue triggers inflammation, causing damage at multiple levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review kidney involvement in pediatric fUTIs.
- To describe clinical, radiological, and biochemical presentations of kidney involvement.
- To discuss long-term prognosis and implications for kidney function.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on fUTIs and kidney involvement in pediatric patients.
- Analysis of clinical, radiological, and biochemical data.
- Discussion of pathophysiology and long-term outcomes.
Main Results:
- fUTIs can manifest in various forms of kidney involvement.
- Distinct clinical, radiological, and biochemical signs are associated with kidney damage.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for minimizing complications.
Conclusions:
- Understanding kidney manifestations in fUTIs is vital for pediatricians.
- Early intervention can prevent sepsis, kidney scarring, and chronic kidney damage.
- This review aids clinicians in managing fUTIs to preserve long-term kidney health.
Abstract:
Febrile urinary tract infections (fUTIs) are among the most common severe infections in the pediatric population, posing a significant risk to kidney health. The pathophysiology of fUTIs involves the direct bacterial invasion of kidney tissue, which triggers an inflammatory response. While this response is effective in eradicating the infection, it can also cause substantial kidney damage at multiple levels. In this review, we explore the various forms of kidney involvement in fUTIs, along with their clinical, radiological, and biochemical presentations. We also discuss the implications of these events for the long-term prognosis of kidney function. Understanding these manifestations can assist clinicians in making prompt diagnoses and initiating appropriate treatment to minimize complications such as sepsis, kidney scarring, and long-term kidney damage.
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