MOF composites for revolutionizing blue energy harvesting and next-gen soft electronics

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials with highly ordered and crystalline structures, which have earned tremendous attention in the academic community in recent years owing to their high tunability in porosity and pore structure. By integrating MOFs with soft colloids or polymers to form MOF composites, the rigidity and brittle nature of MOFs can be compensated for, thus achieving synergistic effects for a wide variety of applications. In particular, the past decade has seen the advancement of MOF composites in the budding fields of blue energy harvesting and soft electronics, which have received growing interest in the past 5 years. This review focuses on the applications of MOF composites in these two fields, and starts by examining the nanoarchitectures of MOFs, followed by the fabrication of MOF composites. Furthermore, topical advances of MOF composites in blue energy harvesting and soft electronics are reviewed and summarized, and their challenges and future opportunities are discussed as the final touch. This article provides comprehensive review and valuable insights into the development of MOF composites, which may open up new avenues for blue energy harvesting and soft electronics to solve the imminent energy crisis and to advance the wearable technology in healthcare.