Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 25, 2025
09:16
A General Method for Evaluating Deep Brain Stimulation Effects on Intravenous Methamphetamine Self-Administration
Published on: January 22, 2016
15.1K
Genes, Cognition, and Their Interplay in Methamphetamine Use Disorder.
Ramisha Khan1, Alyna Turner1, Michael Berk1
1IMPACT, Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
Biomolecules
|February 26, 2025
Summary
Genetic factors influence methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) and cognitive deficits. Specific gene variations and impaired cognitive functions like inhibitory control interact, potentially guiding personalized MUD treatments.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Genetics
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) is a global health concern linked to cognitive impairments.
- Genetic factors are increasingly recognized for their role in MUD susceptibility and cognitive function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the interplay between genetic factors and cognitive dimensions in methamphetamine use disorder.
- To explore how genetic variations and cognitive deficits impact MUD and inform personalized treatments.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing studies on genetic polymorphisms (e.g., BDNF, FAAH, SLC18A1, SLC18A2) in MUD.
- Analysis of cognitive functions, particularly cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control, in individuals with MUD.
- Examination of correlations between genetic markers, cognitive performance, and methamphetamine use history.
Main Results:
- Specific gene polymorphisms (BDNF, FAAH, SLC18A1, SLC18A2) show associations with MUD risk or protection.
- Individuals with MUD exhibit deficits in cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control, linked to cue reactivity and use history.
- Inhibitory control correlates with FAAH mRNA levels, and cognitive flexibility with SLC18A2 mRNA levels, indicating gene-cognition interaction.
Conclusions:
- The interaction between genetic predispositions and cognitive impairments is crucial in understanding methamphetamine use disorder.
- Genetic and cognitive insights offer promising avenues for developing personalized therapeutic strategies for MUD.
- Further research into gene-cognition interplay can advance targeted interventions for MUD.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Human Genetics
516
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
516
01:24CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids
154
CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...
154
01:15Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
426
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
426
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
94
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
94
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
34
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
34
01:24Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
153
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
153