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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
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Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
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Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Multi-modal Imaging of Angiogenesis in a Nude Rat Model of Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Volumetric Computed Tomography and Ultrasound
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23Na-MRI for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring: A Scoping Review.

Taylor Smith1, Minh Chau2, Jordan Sims3

  • 1Allied Health & Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sodium-23 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (23Na-MRI) shows potential for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring by detecting changes in tumor sodium levels. Further standardization is needed for clinical application.

Keywords:
23Na-MRIbreast cancerdiagnosismagnetic resonance imagingsodiumtotal sodium concentrationtreatment monitoring

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Oncology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Intracellular and extracellular sodium variations are potential biomarkers for tumor characterization and therapeutic response.
  • Previous research explored 23Na-MRI feasibility, but a comprehensive review for breast cancer clinical utility is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize existing literature on the potential role of 23Na-MRI in breast cancer diagnosis.
  • To evaluate 23Na-MRI's utility in breast cancer treatment monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Scoping review of English-language studies reporting quantitative 23Na-MRI applications in breast cancer.
  • Systematic searches conducted across major biomedical databases (PubMed, Emcare, Embase, Scopus, etc.).
  • Inclusion of seven primary studies meeting specific criteria.

Main Results:

  • 23Na-MRI differentiated malignant from benign breast lesions via elevated total sodium concentration (TSC) in tumors.
  • 23Na-MRI showed potential for early treatment response prediction, with responders exhibiting reduced TSC.
  • Significant variability in study protocols (phantoms, field strengths, contrast agents) limited inter-study comparability.

Conclusions:

  • 23Na-MRI demonstrates promise as a complementary imaging modality for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
  • Standardization of imaging protocols and technical optimization are crucial for clinical translation.