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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...

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An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment
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The Promise of Radiotherapy in High-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Becky Bola1,2, Peter J Hoskin3,4, Vijay Sangar2,5

  • 1Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals Trust, Whiston Hospital, Warrington Road, Prescot L35 5DR, UK.

Cancers
|February 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radiotherapy shows promise as an alternative to Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Advances in precision radiotherapy may improve outcomes for high-risk NMIBC patients.

Keywords:
NMIBCbladder cancernon-muscle invasive bladder cancerradiotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology

Background:

  • Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) faces challenges including shortages, toxicity, and incomplete treatment.
  • Radiotherapy is a standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer but not yet for NMIBC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status and future potential of radiotherapy for high-risk NMIBC.
  • To explore radiotherapy as an alternative to BCG or surgery for NMIBC.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current radiotherapy techniques and advancements.
  • Exploration of biomarker approaches and combination therapies with radiotherapy.

Main Results:

  • Modern radiotherapy techniques allow for precise delivery, minimizing normal tissue damage.
  • Radiotherapy, combined with radiosensitizers and systemic treatments, may offer improved efficacy over current NMIBC therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Radiotherapy presents a promising alternative for high-risk NMIBC, potentially overcoming limitations of BCG and surgery.
  • Further research into combination approaches and biomarkers can enhance radiotherapy's role in NMIBC treatment.