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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2025

Induction of Invasive Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma in Immune Intact Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice: A Model for Immunotherapy Development
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Therapeutic Advances in Bladder Preservation for BCG-Unresponsive Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Alyssa Lange1, SriGita Madiraju1, Firas G Petros1

  • 1Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.

Cancers
|February 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New therapies are emerging for Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). These advancements offer hope for improved outcomes and organ-sparing treatments for patients with this challenging condition.

Keywords:
BCG-unresponsivebladder preservationgene therapyimmunotherapyintravesical chemotherapynon-muscle invasive bladder cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Urologic Oncology
  • Cancer Therapeutics
  • Immunotherapy

Background:

  • Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the standard treatment for high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).
  • Recurrence and progression despite BCG treatment remain significant challenges in NMIBC management.
  • There is a critical need for alternative therapeutic options for BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current treatment landscape for BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.
  • To highlight existing and emerging therapies for this patient population.
  • To provide an overview of novel treatment options in development.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of available data.
  • Literature search conducted up to the end of 2024.
  • Focus on treatments beyond radical cystectomy.

Main Results:

  • Several alternative treatments are available or in clinical trials for BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.
  • Novel chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and device-assisted therapies show promise.
  • Combination therapies integrating traditional and new approaches are being explored.

Conclusions:

  • The near future offers diverse and effective therapies for BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.
  • Advancements aim to improve patient outcomes and enable more targeted, organ-sparing treatments.
  • New therapeutic strategies are poised to transform NMIBC management.