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Apple Polyphenol Mitigates Diabetic Nephropathy via Attenuating Renal Dysfunction with Antioxidation in

Chieh-Yu Wang1, Dai-Lin Wu1, Meng-Hsun Yu2,3

  • 1School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Apple polyphenol (AP) shows promise in slowing diabetic nephropathy (DN) progression. This study found AP improved kidney function markers and reduced oxidative stress in diabetic rats, suggesting its potential as a nutraceutical supplement.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), significantly contributing to morbidity and mortality.
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of DM and its associated complications.
  • Apple polyphenol (AP) exhibits known antioxidant properties, making it a candidate for investigating protective effects against oxidative stress-related diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic effects of apple polyphenol (AP) on diabetic nephropathy (DN) in a rat model.
  • To evaluate the impact of AP on renal function, oxidative stress markers, and kidney histology in diabetic rats.

Main Methods:

  • Type 1 diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats using streptozotocin.
  • Diabetic rats were treated with varying dosages of AP (0.5%, 1%, 2%) in drinking water for 10 weeks.
  • Renal function, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, kidney histology, and TGF-β expression were assessed.

Main Results:

  • AP administration significantly improved early-stage DN markers, including blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), in a dose-dependent manner.
  • AP treatment reduced blood triglyceride levels, attenuated lipid peroxidation in kidney tissues, and improved renal histology, including glomerular basement membrane thickening and mitochondrial morphology.
  • AP treatment reduced ROS levels and TGF-β expression in both diabetic rat kidneys and H2O2-stimulated rat mesangial cells.

Conclusions:

  • Apple polyphenol (AP) demonstrates protective effects against diabetic nephropathy (DN) by improving renal function and mitigating oxidative stress.
  • AP may serve as a potential nutraceutical supplement for slowing the progression of DN in diabetic patients.
Keywords:
apple polyphenoldiabetic nephropathyreactive oxygen species

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