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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

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Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2025

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

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Oxidative Score and Microvesicle Profile Suggest Cardiovascular Risk in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Gemma Valera-Arévalo1,2, María Del Mar Rodríguez-San Pedro1, Paula Jara Caro2,3

  • 1Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Oxidative stress and microvesicles (MVs) are linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Tissue factor expression on MVs may predict CVD risk in CKD.

Keywords:
antioxidantscardiovascular riskchronic kidney diseasecoagulationendothelial dysfunctionhemodialysismicrovesiclesoxidative stressperitoneal dialysisreactive oxygen species

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
  • Uremic toxins, oxidative stress, and inflammation are key contributors to CVD in CKD.
  • Microvesicles (MVs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of CVD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between redox status and MV phenotypes in CKD patients.
  • To explore the relationship between MV subtypes and cardiovascular events.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for CVD risk in CKD.

Main Methods:

  • Oxidative stress assessed using an individualized OXY-SCORE.
  • Analysis of pro-oxidant and antioxidant parameters.
  • Quantification of endothelial-derived microvesicles (EMVs) and platelet-derived microvesicles (PMVs) with specific membrane markers (CD31, CD41, tissue factor).

Main Results:

  • Patients with advanced CKD (ACKD) and hemodialysis (HD) exhibited higher OXY-SCORE than healthy subjects (HS).
  • Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients showed elevated PMVs and CD41, while HD patients had increased EMVs and CD31.
  • Tissue factor (TF) expression was elevated in PMVs and EMVs of ACKD patients, correlated with xanthine oxidase activity, and negatively with antioxidants. Elevated TF was observed in patients with cardiovascular events.

Conclusions:

  • Microvesicles and oxidative stress may serve as cardiovascular risk markers in CKD.
  • Tissue factor expression on PMVs and EMVs shows potential as a predictive and prognostic biomarker for CVD in CKD patients.