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The Incidence and Variants of the Reno-Hemiazygos Connection

Nawwaf Sebastian Damen1, Adelina Maria Jianu1, Mihai Lazăr2

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The reno-hemiazygos connection (RHC) was found in 9.34% of individuals, more often in women. This anatomical variation poses a significant surgical risk for bleeding if not identified preoperatively.

Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Vascular Anatomy
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Common left renal vein (LRV) anomalies are documented.
  • Drainage of left renal blood via the hemiazygos vein is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence of the reno-hemiazygos connection (RHC).

Main Methods:

  • Computed tomography (CT) scans of 150 individuals were analyzed.
  • The study documented the origin of RHC from the LRV.

Main Results:

  • RHCs were identified in 9.34% of cases (14/150), with higher prevalence in women (71.43%).
  • Two types of RHCs were observed: direct (type 1) and indirect (type 2) hemiazygos flow.
  • Varied connections to the LRV and associated anomalies like triple left renal arteries were noted.

Conclusions:

  • The RHC connects the superior and inferior caval systems.
  • This anatomical variation is a significant risk factor for intraoperative bleeding.
  • Preoperative identification of RHC is crucial for surgical safety.

Keywords:
ascending lumbar veinhemiazygos veinkidneyrenal arteryrenal vein

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