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Advances and Challenges in the Pursuit of Disease-Modifying Osteoarthritis Drugs: A Review of 2010-2024 Clinical
Mckenzie D Brandt1,2, Jason B Malone3, Thomas J Kean2
1College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA.
Abstract:
Background/Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent, degenerative joint disease capable of causing severe pain and impaired mobility. Current treatments mitigate symptoms but do not cure the disease. The development of a disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug (DMOAD) could improve patient outcomes by slowing, halting, or reversing joint damage. Many DMOADs have progressed to clinical trials, but very few have made a significant impact, and none have been approved for clinical use. The purpose of this review is to present an update on the current status of DMOADs with a particular focus on results published since 2010. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted within PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov for novel DMOADs enrolled in phase II and III clinical trials between 1 January 2010 and 1 July 2024. Results: Eleven DMOAD candidates are reviewed and critically analyzed for their potential benefit in OA treatment-Lorecivivint (SM04690), TissueGene-C, Cindunistat (SD-6010), Sprifermin, UBX0101, TPX-100, GLPG1972/S201086, Lutikizumab (ABT-981), SAR113945, MIV-711, and LNA043-and relevant challenges to their development are discussed. Conclusions: Six DMOADs have demonstrated statistically significant evidence of a structural or symptomatic benefit without major safety concerns in phase II and III randomized controlled trials post-2010.
Insights
Disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) aim to slow joint damage in osteoarthritis. Since 2010, six DMOAD candidates showed significant structural or symptomatic benefits in clinical trials.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Rheumatology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is a widespread degenerative joint disease causing pain and mobility loss.
- Current OA treatments manage symptoms but do not halt disease progression.
- Developing disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated review of DMOADs in clinical development.
- To focus on DMOADs with results published since 2010.
- To critically analyze DMOAD candidates for OA treatment.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search of PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov.
- Inclusion of DMOADs in phase II and III clinical trials.
- Data analysis of trials conducted between January 2010 and July 2024.
Main Results:
- Eleven novel DMOAD candidates were reviewed.
- Potential benefits and development challenges for each candidate were discussed.
- Six DMOADs demonstrated statistically significant structural or symptomatic benefits.
Conclusions:
- Several DMOADs show promise for treating osteoarthritis.
- Six candidates exhibited positive results in phase II/III trials post-2010.
- These DMOADs offer potential for improved OA management without major safety issues.
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