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Dynamical Complexity in Geomagnetically Induced Current Activity Indices Using Block Entropy.

Adamantia Zoe Boutsi1,2, Constantinos Papadimitriou1,2, Georgios Balasis1

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This summary is machine-generated.

Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) pose risks to power grids. Analyzing GIC and geomagnetic data using entropy reveals system organization changes before and during storms, aiding space weather risk assessment.

Keywords:
block entropygeomagnetic indicesgeomagnetically induced currentsinformation theorymagnetic stormsspace weather

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Area of Science:

  • Space Physics
  • Geophysics
  • Information Theory

Background:

  • Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) are ground-level effects of space weather, posing risks to electric power grids.
  • The GIC index, derived from geomagnetic data, serves as a proxy for the ground geoelectric field.
  • Information theory offers tools to analyze complex coupled systems like the solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere-ground system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply block entropy analysis to GIC activity indices.
  • To investigate the dynamics of GIC and geomagnetic indices during major space weather events.
  • To assess the potential of entropy analysis for space weather forecasting and risk assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Block entropy analysis was performed on GIC activity indices.
  • Data from middle-latitude European observatories were analyzed.
  • The analysis focused on the March 2015 St. Patrick's Day storm and the May 2024 Mother's Day storm.

Main Results:

  • GIC index values were higher during the May 2024 storm, indicating increased risk.
  • Entropy values for GIC and SYM-H indices were higher before storms than during storms.
  • This suggests a transition from lower to higher system organization preceding and during geomagnetic storms.

Conclusions:

  • Entropy analysis of GIC indices can reveal pre-storm susceptibility.
  • The findings highlight the potential for improved space weather forecasting.
  • This research contributes to understanding geomagnetic disturbances and their geospatial risks.