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Richard Lazarus' cognitive mediational theory highlights the pivotal role of cognitive appraisal in shaping emotional responses. According to this theory, the evaluation of a stimulus — based on personal values, goals, beliefs, and expectations — mediates the emotional response. This appraisal process is immediate and often occurs unconsciously, influencing the intensity and nature of the resulting emotion.
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Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
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Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
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Mother and Child Emotion Regulation: A Moderated Mediation Model.

Maria Cenușă1, Maria Nicoleta Turliuc1

  • 1Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700554 Iasi, Romania.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Maternal play behavior links mother and child emotion regulation (ER). Paternal empathy also plays a role, supporting mothers in fostering better child emotional outcomes.

Keywords:
child emotion regulationmaternal emotion regulationmaternal playful behaviorpaternal empathy

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Family Studies
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Mother-child emotion regulation (ER) is well-studied, but explanatory factors remain less explored.
  • Maternal play behavior is a key mechanism linking maternal and child ER.
  • Paternal empathy's moderating influence on this relationship requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine maternal play behavior as a mediator between maternal ER strategies and child ER.
  • To investigate the moderating effect of paternal empathy on the association between maternal ER and maternal play behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study design.
  • 103 mother-father dyads with a typically developing child aged 3-6 years.
  • Assessment of maternal emotion regulation (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression), maternal play behavior, paternal empathy, and child emotion regulation.

Main Results:

  • Maternal play behavior significantly mediated the relationship between maternal cognitive reappraisal (CR) and expressive suppression (ES) and child ER.
  • Lower levels of paternal empathy were found to moderate the association between maternal ER and maternal play behavior.
  • Findings suggest maternal play is a crucial link between maternal ER and child outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal play behavior is an important explanatory variable for maternal and child outcomes.
  • Paternal factors, specifically empathy, are crucial in supporting maternal play behavior.
  • Interventions supporting maternal play and paternal empathy may enhance child emotional development.