Exploring Gut Microbiota-Targeted Therapies for Canine Idiopathic Epilepsy

Epilepsy stands out as one of the most prevalent chronic neurological conditions affecting companion animals. Recent research has increasingly focused on exploring the role of gut microbiota in influencing neurological conditions, like epilepsy. This influence stems from the bidirectional communication pathways between gut bacteria and the brain, which involve metabolic, neural, immunological, and endocrine mechanisms. In fact, a balanced and stable gut microbiota is essential to maintaining normal gut physiology and ensuring appropriate signaling along the gut-brain axis. Conversely, dysbiosis can have detrimental effects on gut physiology and may contribute to the development or exacerbation of neurological conditions, including epilepsy. Considering these findings, this review article aims to deepen the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the microbiota-gut-brain connection in the context of canine idiopathic epilepsy. Moreover, this review presents recent data on innovative gut-related therapeutic strategies for canine idiopathic epilepsy treatment.