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Related Concept Videos

Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules01:15

Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules

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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
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Microtubule Instability02:17

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Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated...
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Destabilization of Microtubules01:45

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The destabilization of microtubules can occur during different stages of the microtubule lifecycle, such as nucleation or elongation. It can take place at either end of the microtubule or in the microtubule lattices as a whole. The lifespan of individual microtubules within a cell varies according to the cell type and stage of the cell cycle. During interphase, the lifespan of the microtubule is about 30 minutes, while during cell division, it is about 15 minutes. In axonal microtubules of...
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Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules01:10

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Microtubules are dynamic structures and can be regulated by microtubule targeting agents (MTAs). Microtubule destabilizing drugs are a class of MTAs that destabilize and prevent microtubules' polymerization. Both natural and synthetic chemicals can be found under this class of drugs. Vincristine and vinblastine, two vinca alkaloids, and colchicine were among the first to be discovered. These drugs can affect cells in various ways, either by inducing a change in cell morphology, preventing...
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Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures01:32

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures

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Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
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Microtubule Formation01:23

Microtubule Formation

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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo continuous assembly and disassembly. They originate from specialized multi-protein complexes known as microtubule organizing centers or MTOCs. Within the MTOC, the point of origin of the microtubule is known as the minus end, while the end radiating outward is the plus end. Microtubules serve two primary functions — the organization of spindle complexes to separate sister chromatids during mitotic or meiotic cell division and the formation...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2025

Reconstituting and Characterizing Actin-Microtubule Composites with Tunable Motor-Driven Dynamics and Mechanics
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Dual-Scale Collaborative Optimization of Microtubule Self-Healing Composites Based on Variable-Angle Fiber Design.

Peng Li1, Baijia Fan1, Shenbiao Wang1

  • 1School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel optimization method for variable-angle fiber composites to improve self-healing mechanics. The approach enhances structural compliance and minimizes carrier head loss, offering superior designs compared to fixed-angle composites.

Keywords:
dual-scale collaborative optimizationmicrotubule networkmoving morphable componentsself-healing materialsvariable-angle fiber

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Composite Materials

Background:

  • Self-healing composites require enhanced mechanical properties and efficient healing mechanisms.
  • Optimizing fiber orientation and network carrier design is crucial for performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an innovative optimization method for variable-angle fiber-reinforced self-healing composites.
  • To minimize macroscopic structural compliance and microtubule network carrier head loss.

Main Methods:

  • Introduced a topological description function (TDF) incorporating macroscopic structure and microtubule network carrier geometry.
  • Established fiber laying angle-component spindle direction relationship and derived an element stiffness matrix for variable-angle fibers.
  • Developed a dual-scale collaborative optimization framework using the Moving Morphable Component (MMC) and enumeration methods.

Main Results:

  • Variable-angle fiber designs yielded superior non-inferior solution sets compared to fixed-angle designs.
  • The dual-scale collaborative optimization provided better compliance solutions than single-objective optimization, with a maximum compliance increase of only 10.64%.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed variable-angle, dual-scale collaborative optimization method offers a significant advancement in self-healing composite design.
  • This approach provides a valuable reference for topology optimization of self-healing composites with enhanced mechanics and healing properties.