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Unveiling the Role of Selenium in Child Development: Impacts on Growth, Neurodevelopment and Immunity

Gulnara Batyrova1, Gulaim Taskozhina1, Gulmira Umarova2

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030019, Kazakhstan.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|February 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Selenium (Se) is essential for children

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition and Trace Elements
  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Selenium (Se) is a vital trace element crucial for children's health.
  • It plays key roles in antioxidant defense, immune function, thyroid regulation, and bone metabolism.
  • Global variations in Se intake and its complex mechanisms necessitate a comprehensive review.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the significance of selenium in biological processes, focusing on child development and growth.
  • To examine the biochemical effects of Se on the nervous system, thyroid, immune system, and bone.
  • To explore the implications of selenium deficiency and toxicity in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • This review integrates findings from experimental models, epidemiological studies, and clinical trials.
  • It analyzes the role of selenoproteins in regulating oxidative stress, thyroid hormone, and bone metabolism.
  • The study explores Se's impact on neurodevelopment, growth, and immune competence in children.

Main Results:

  • Selenium is essential for normal growth and cognitive development in children.
  • Se deficiency and toxicity are linked to impaired immune function and growth retardation.
  • Selenoproteins are critical for antioxidant defense and thyroid hormone metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • Selenium significantly influences biological pathways vital for healthy child development.
  • Optimizing selenium intake is crucial for preventing deficiency and toxicity-related health issues.
  • Public health strategies for selenium intake can improve pediatric health outcomes globally.

Keywords:
Se deficiencySe toxicityantioxidant defensebone metabolismchild development and growthchildrenimmune regulationneurodevelopmentseleniumselenoproteinsthyroid function

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