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Oxidative Balance Score Calculated Using Different Methods and Its Associations with Colorectal Cancer Risk.

Fangting Lin1, Ruolin Zhou1, Qingjian Ou2

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.

Nutrients
|February 26, 2025
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Summary

Higher adherence to the oxidative balance score (OBS), a measure of diet and lifestyle oxidative stress, is linked to reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. OBS-1 showed the strongest protective association.

Keywords:
case-control studycolorectal canceroxidative balance scoreoxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Epidemiology
  • Cancer Prevention
  • Oxidative Stress Research

Background:

  • The oxidative balance score (OBS) quantifies dietary and lifestyle factors contributing to oxidative stress.
  • Limited research exists on the association between OBS and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, with varied calculation methodologies.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for developing targeted prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between different oxidative balance score (OBS) calculation methods and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk.
  • To compare the performance of four distinct OBS calculation methods in relation to CRC risk.
  • To explore potential non-linear relationships and subgroup effects (sex, tumor site) of OBS on CRC risk.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study was conducted in Guangzhou, China, including 2799 CRC cases and matched controls.
  • Four different methods were used to calculate the oxidative balance score (OBS).
  • Unconditional logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were employed to analyze the association between OBS and CRC risk, with stratified and subgroup analyses.

Main Results:

  • All four calculated oxidative balance scores (OBSs) were associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer (CRC).
  • Higher adherence to OBS was consistently linked to lower CRC risk across all four methods.
  • OBS-1 demonstrated the strongest inverse association with CRC risk (OR=0.42, 95%CI: 0.35-0.50 for the highest quartile).
  • Linear relationships were observed, with no significant non-linear associations detected (all p-Nonlinear > 0.05).
  • Negative associations were consistent across sexes and for both colon and rectal cancer subtypes.

Conclusions:

  • All evaluated oxidative balance scores (OBSs) are inversely associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk.
  • The oxidative balance score, particularly OBS-1, shows potential as a valuable tool in assessing CRC risk related to lifestyle and diet.
  • Further research validating OBS calculation methods and their clinical utility in cancer prevention is warranted.